Efeitos da retenção escolar, segundo os estudos científicos, e orientações para uma intervenção eficaz: uma revisão

The author of this article makes a revision of scientific studies about the consequences of grade retention on the learning, personality and behaviour of retained pupils. Because the majority of the studies concludes that there are negative effects on retained pupils in these three areas, and there is a generalized consensus, by all the studies, about the inefficacy of the grade retention on the learning, in especially at long term, the author refers pedagogical orientations too, as alternative measures, to help students with low scholar achievement.